Souvenirs of war

Red watermarked photos are courtesy of the Paul Johnson collection. You can see more of Paul's incredible photos in this book. 

If you own these pieces, or know someone who does, please get in touch

wartrophies@gmail.com

After the war, much of the furniture used in the Eagle's Nest was transferred to the Platterhof Hotel. There it stayed for many years, with most pieces subsequently trashed or damaged beyond repair by visiting US servicemen and women who used the hotel as a recreation facility right up until the 1990s. 

A few pieces were salvaged, and this is one such example. This chair and others like it were then re-covered and taken back up the mountain for use in the 1980s war movie, War and Remembrance. This armchair still has the cushions used in that movie.

Also shown below, an original Eagle's Nest armchair back cushion, re-united with an original armchair. This exact cushion was brought home by a member of the British armed forces after the war, and can be seen in period photos. 

The chair is very comfortable. It's no surprise so many GIs were snapped relaxing in it. 

Every long distance phone call made from the Berghof was recorded in this 262-page ledger.

Covering the period April 1942 to January 1944, some of the major events of the war are catalogued here.

The time and date of each call is logged – along with the caller’s name, the number and town they called, and how long the call lasted.

Several names are recognizable, such as “Wolf” calling from room 334 (“diener des fuhrers”, or “servant of the Führer” room). This would have been Hitler’s secretary, Johanna Wolf, calling on Hitler’s behalf. Other callers of note include Obersturmbannführer Bernhard Frank (SS Commander of the Obersalzberg complex) – and Eva Braun’s close friend Herta Schneider. Many calls made by the Head of the SS Tunnelling Company, Dr Peter Preidt, are also present.

Each call is also signed off by the SS switchboard operator at the time. In many cases this is “Samitz”, or Alois Samitz, who was the last operator in the Berghof in May 1945.

“I drained the acid from the batteries, and tore out the pages from the log-book with all the calls recorded in the last few days. Then I burned them right there in the bunker, so that no one would know who I had spoken to on the phone. Nothing was left for the enemy to find. Then I went out of the door for the last time.” - Alois Samitz.

Excerpt from Inside Hitler’s Mountain, by Florian Beierl.

N.B. the log book pictured here is not the log book Samitz describes above, as no pages have been ripped out. This may still exist somewhere.

The logbook pictured here was removed from the Berghof by Bates H Landis in the Spring of 1945. Landis served in C Company of the 343rd Infantry Regiment, part of the 86th Infantry Division. In a letter detailing his find he describes removing a small phone book from Hitler’s bedroom then exploring the Berghof further, where he finds the telephone exchange and subsequent telephone logbook.

This haul comprising a 1m x 1m tan-colored tablecloth, door key and chunk of marble "from (the) balcony of Hitler's bedroom" was removed from the Berghof by a member of the US 575th AAA Bn, 11th Armored Division, in May 1945.

Included in the group are a handful of photos showing him at the Berghof and the view from the Eagle's Nest. 

The key tag reads

AUSWEISMARK

FÜR

ROCHOLL-ERSATZ

SCHLUSSEL

Rocholl was one of the companies commissioned to build the tunnels and bunkers beneath the Berghof, and is still in existence today. The tag indicates this was a master replacement key – so it must have been of some importance. 

After the bombing of the Obersalzberg and subsequent death of Hitler in late April 1945, many locals looted the Berghof and nearby Mooslahnerkopf teehaus. While food and other provisions were naturally at the top of their shopping list, many people also took silverware and other furnishings – some of which turn up in households and collections today. 

Here are 3 such examples: a dessert fork still bearing the AH monogram, along with a large salad spoon and small fruit knife – both of which have had the AH monogram grounded off. 

What's especially interesting to note is how the detail of the remaining eagle has been worn down over the last 70+ years from regular everyday use. 

Adolf Hitler presentation frames (or "Staatsrahmen") like this one were given by Hitler as a national or state award to government leaders, military commanders and other people of note. This unsigned/unissued one was sent home by a member of the US 3rd Infantry Division. It probably came from Munich or the bunkers below Hitler's mountain retreat, the Berghof, where other examples were also looted.

The frame and leather case were designed by Gerdy Troost—a favored architect and interior designer of Hitler's. 

Pfc Clarence Overman joined the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne late in the war and arrived in Europe just after the Battle of the Bulge.

In May 1945 he, along with his squad, was one of the first to arrive in Berchtesgaden—ex-home of the now-dead Hitler and his infamous Eagle's Nest. Clarence and his squad were selected to enter the building, where they took many pieces of AH-monogrammed silverware, including this 10.5 inch cake knife (one of only four) and a beer glass coaster (one of 36). In the background is the flyleaf of Clarence's 'Currahee' scrapbook, presented to all 506th men at the war's end. 

During his time in Berchtesgaden, Clarence also visited Hitler's study inside his main residence, the Berghof, where he was interviewed by Yank Magazine. A cutting from that article appears below, plus a photo of Clarence sat on Hitler's office safe. 

Hans Junge (1914-1944) was Hitler's valet and aide-de-camp from 1936 to 1943. Eager for experience away from the relative comforts of Hitler's headquarters, he volunteered for frontline service and was killed on August 13 1944 while serving with the 12th SS Panzer Division 'Hitlerjugend' by a low flying aircraft attack in Dreux, Normandy. He is buried in Champigny-Saint-André German war cemetery France, block 6, plot 1816.

"To ensure for the greatest chance of combat success,...a number of SS veterans were attached to the new HJ SS Panzergrenadier Division. A very large percentage of these experienced individuals came from the 1st SS Panzer Division, the 'Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler' (LSSAH). This is why many HJ SS Panzer Grenadier members often carried 'LSSAH cuff titles' on their uniforms in the early period."

Source: Axis History forum

Junge was also the husband of Traudl Junge (née Humps) - Hitler's last secretary, whose story of the Third Reich's final moments is dramatized in the 2004 movie, Downfall. 

Handwritten in black ink, Hitler's personal dedication thanks Junge for seven years of service and wishes him the best on his wedding day, June 19 1943. 

The photo bears heavy wear, and I suspect it was never partnered with a presentation frame. It may even have been taken to the front by Junge and looted from him after his death. 

[Presentation frame and cuff title shown here were not owned by Junge].

This is the only known example of an AH silver cigar cutter in the informal/personal pattern. It's slightly smaller than its 'Führer pattern' equivalent but bears the same silver markings. This example was liberated by a WW2 veteran called Dan Helff, probably from the Berghof or Mooslahnerkopf tea house.

I’m currently in the process of researching Dan Helff, so if you happen to have known him, please get in touch.

These 'Der Berghof' postcard albums were given to visiting VIPs to the Berghof, and are considered very rare. Each of the 12 pages contains a color postcard showing a different room of the building.

This particular album was given to an architect during his visit to the Berghof in August 1938. What makes this example extra special is that it's hand-inscribed by Hitler's butler and Berghof house manager, Arthur Kannenberg and his wife, Freda.

The grouping also includes the architect’s invite to the opening of the House of German Art on July 18 1937, and another invite to see work in progress of the buildings on the Königsplatz, on November 3 1935. The photograph of Hitler and Martin Bormann was taken by him during his stay at the Berghof.

Read more about these booklets here.

Download a post-war interview with Kannenberg here.

Sgt. Russell Dysert fought with the 441st Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, attached to the 45th "Thunderbirds" Division and, later, the 3rd Infantry Division. His unit provided antiaircraft support for the 10th Field Artillery. He fought in Africa, Sicily, southern Italy and all the way up to Rome - working in supply, and driving the mail truck or jeep. 

In May 1945, he was among the first to reach Hitler's Berghof, high in the mountains. Although Dysert wasn't an officer, he was allowed to join the first troops into the complex because he owned a jeep, and gave the officers rides. While there, he removed many items, including silver frames, pistols, a shotgun, silverware - plus the items shown here. These include AH marked Wellner salt and pepper shakers and a bottle of Moet Champagne from Hitler's personal supply. When I acquired this group, the bottle was still half full, but undrinkable. 

Dysert was also present when Hitler's flag was torn down by 3rd Division troops. The flag was then cut up into pieces, and divided among the officers present. The flag piece is also shown below and reads "Piece of Hitler's flag, May 4 1945. Sgt. Russell Dysert."

Official records list just two cigar cutters used in the Eagle's Nest. This one was brought back by Adler Muller of Charlie Co, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. 

Read more about Adler Muller

There were eight coffee tables like this one in the Eagle's Nest — each made of walnut with a one-piece marble top. Seven were trashed in the years after the war, when the Platterhof was used as an R&R facility for visiting US army personnel. The table shown below is the last known surviving example, and is untouched since the war. 

Marianne Luginger was a housemaid at Hitler's Berghof until August 5th 1944. When she left, she was given this photo album by Eva Braun and her fellow staff members. The album shows a number of commercially-available postcards of the Berghof—along with a series of photos taken by Eva Braun showing the staff relaxing in and around the Berghof, and meeting their boss on his birthday ("geburtstag") in both 1943 and 1944. 

The album also came with a small Christmas greetings card presented to Marianne, and signed 'Eva Braun'. Inside the card is a 5 Rentenmark note given to her as a gift and which she decided to keep as a souvenir.  

Hitler's former maid returns to the Berghof

The exact tablecloth shown in this photo was removed from the Berghof by a member of the 693rd Field Artillery Battalion attached to the US 3rd Infantry Division in May 1945. 

To Hitler's right is Fritz Klingenberg (1912-1945) receiving his Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross in May 1941. Just behind the table you can see part of the famous picture window looking onto the Alps.  

This is one of five plaid pattern AH-monogrammed napkins removed from the Berghof in May 1945 by a member of the 10th Field Artillery, attached to the US 3rd Infantry Division.

The veteran also took several AH-monogrammed formal pattern silverware pieces.

You can see other examples of this napkin (taken by a member of the French 2nd Armoured Division) in the video below. Skip to 26 minutes. 

After Berchtesgaden's capture in early May 1945, locals were quick to plunder Hitler's residencies. Along with food and other provisions, many took household objects and furniture – including this formal chair from the Eagle's Nest dining room. This example was re-covered in the post war years, but is still easily identifiable in period photos. 

When allied troops arrived at the Eagle's Nest in May 1945, pretty much anything that wasn't nailed down was looted. Then, as the weeks went by, even the nailed down stuff was removed. Then the nails went too.

The decorative sconce shown below formed part of a series of 8 wall-mounted lights within the main hall of the Eagle's Nest, which can be seen in many period photos. 

This hand-painted tile fragment was made by the Munich artist Sofie Stork (1903-1981). Stork was a close friend of Eva Braun and a member of the Berghof's inner circle. 

She was commissioned by Hitler and Braun to create numerous hand-painted items for their private residences, including chinaware, lampshades and ceramic kachelofen (heater) ties.

The tile piece was removed from the Berghof in May 1945 by Eugene Cook – a member of a forward observation unit in the 7th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division. Cook was among the first to arrive at the building.

The tile was part of one of the coffee tables used in the Berghof's Great Hall. The table was probably destroyed during the RAF bombing raid of April 25, or by the SS as they burned and destroyed many of Hitler's personal belongings before fleeing the area. 

You can see the coffee table in the picture below and a glimpse of this exact tile in a close-up, also below. 

Master Sergeant Robert E Harris served in Headquarters Company of the US 3rd Infantry Division from their landing in North Africa, up the boot of Italy and into Southern France, Germany and, finally, Berchtesgaden.

During his time in the ETO, he picked up numerous souvenirs – including this unissued cuff title made for the 1st SS Panzer Division "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler", or LSSAH for short. Seeing as Harris served in the 3rd Infantry Division, it's likely this was taken from either Munich or Berchtesgaden.

On November 19th, 1943, Harris was awarded the Bronze Star. 

Hitler had four secretaries of note: Christa Schroeder (1908-1984); Johanna Wolf (1900-1985); Gerda Christian ("Dara") (1913-1997); and Traudl Junge (1920-2002). 

Here is a first day of issue 'Christmas Markets' stamp dated November 14 1975 ink-signed by all four. 

Sofie Stork (1903-1981) was a Munich-based artist, and member of Hitler's inner circle at the Berghof. She was also a friend of Eva Braun's and gave her and Hitler several hand-painted tea sets and decorated the tiles of at least one of the Berghof's kachelofens (ceramic heaters).

In April 1932, she presented Hitler with this handpainted bowl showing Haus Wachenfeld before its later conversion and expansion into the much larger Berghof. 

I don't have GI bringback information on this piece, but it was probably removed either from the stores underneath the Berghof, or the Eagle's Nest.

This small porcelain dessert plate came from the GI's family back in 2013. It was taken from  "Eva Braun's personal residence" – so either her Wasserburger Strasse house in Munich, or possibly the Berghof. It is handpainted, and signed on the reverse by the artist Sofie Stork—who was a friend of Hitler's and Eva Braun's. 

The plate belonged to a Marine Corps veteran, Colonel Max Huel LaGrone, who worked for NATO after the war, When he left many years later, his commanding officer (who fought in Europe) gave it him as a leaving gift and the family kept it ever since. 

See Lee Miller's photos from inside Eva Braun's house

This seat back was removed from the Eagle's Nest in June 1945 by a member of the English armed forces. No two cushions had the same pattern layout—and this exact one is visible in period photos from the time, including the ones shown below. The soldiers in the background are with the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. 

The pieces shown here are from Hitler's Eagle's Nest tea set and were sent home by a member of the 290th Combat Engineers—one of the first units up the Kehlstein mountain in May 1945. The pattern is known as 'Red Dragon' and is manufactured by Meissen, even today.

Each piece is handpainted, and the undersides are numbered. 

The steel container shown below was taken from the kitchens inside the building and used to ship some of the pieces home. One piece didn't make it intact, and was post-war repaired. 

When Hitler came to power in 1933, cities, towns and villages across Germany awarded him honorary citizenship—and presented him with a document to that effect. 

It's well known that Hitler stored and displayed these documents in the great hall of his mountain retreat, the Berghof. 

This is one such citizenship document, given to him by the municipality of Wolfertschwenden, and removed by a soldier of the 2nd French Armoured Division from Toulouse who was among the very first to arrive in the area on May 4 1945. 

It is large, measuring around 2ft long—and very high quality. At one time, this would probably have been stored in a leather book or folder, now long gone. 

This cuff title would have been worn by members of the German Großdeutschland division when assigned to guarding or protecting Hitler's various headquarters, such as the Berghof or Wolf's Lair. 

This unissued example was sent home by Sgt. Charles Wahler of the IPW team (Interrogation Prisoners of War), 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. His unit found a large cache of these cuff titles in Berchtesgaden at the war's end, and the one pictured here was most likely part of that. 

Pardon D Watson was the commander of the 44th Anti Aircraft Artillery Brigade. During his visit to the Obersalzberg, he took many photos of the Eagle's Nest and met "Hitler's elevator operator" Georg Mehr. He even had him sign the back of his map. It reads "Mehr Georg" which was a pretty common way of signing names in Germany back then. 

(Thanks to Geoff Walden of Third Reich in Ruins for the detective work)

Sgt. Russell Dysert fought with the 441st Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion, attached to the 3rd Infantry Division. He was among the first to arrive at the Berghof and enjoyed the pick of the spoils. Among his souvenirs, were these matching salt and pepper shakers. Engraved with the AH monogram, one of them also contains some small glass beads—presumably to prevent the salt from clogging up in the damp Alpine climate. 

On April 25th 1945, assorted squadrons from Britain's Royal Air Force bombed Hitler's mountain retreat near Berchtesgaden. Although no direct hits were made on either the Berghof or Eagle's Nest, the SS barracks and a number of other key buildings nearby were partially demolished—signalling the beginning of the end for the Nazi stronghold. 

Shown here are signed commemorative envelopes from three members of the RAF's 617 Squadron. 

This AH-monogrammed pillowcase was removed by a housekeeper at the Berghof, and later sold to a visitor to the area in the months after the war.

You can see her identity card below, along with photographs she took during her time there. 

Robert Albro was in the 9th Field Artillery Battalion attached to the 3rd Infantry Division when it arrived in Berchtesgaden on May 5th 1945. 

While there, he gathered a handful of Nazi badges and pins and sent them back to the States, along with a letter. [N.B the letter shown here may be a post-war re-typing of his original letter, although when I spoke to him about this in 2014, he was positive he typed it at the time on a captured German typewriter]. 

The French 2nd Armored Division arrived in Berchtesgaden almost simultaneously, and as a gesture of frienship Albro swapped his 3rd Infantry Division patch for a French patch of the Cross of Lorraine—the symbol of free French forces during WW2—which is also shown here. 

This soldbuch belonged to Alois Morenjack, a member of the 1st SS Panzer Division—Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler. During part of his time in the SS, Morenjack was stationed on the Obersalzberg and a member of the SS-Sonderkolonne—or high leader's auto column [Feldpost number 46300].

Along with the SS-Begleitkommando des Führers [Hitler's personal protection squad]; SS-Wachkompanie Obersalzberg [guard unit]; and SS-Nebel-Abteilung Obersalzberg [SS smokescreen battalion for protecting the area from allied air raids] this was one of only four combatant SS troop units stationed in the area. There was also a 30-strong administrative unit, called the SS-Kommando Obersalzberg, which comprised of clerks*.

The book is also signed in one place by Bruno Gesche (1905-1980)— Head of the SS Fuhrerbegleitkommando 

*Kill the Führer. Section X and Operation Foxley, by Denis Rigden

Uniform reference, book excerpts and guard of honor photo at bottom of page from: Operation Foxley: The British Plan to Kill Hitler, by Mark Seaman

A book from the library of Gretl Braun [1915-1987], sent back to the States after the war. 

The Platterhof was a hotel near Berchtesgaden where high-level Nazi dignitaries would stay when visiting Hitler and the area. This menu, dated July 27th 1942, was removed from the building by Tom M of the 321st Glider Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. 

On the reverse is some kind of shopping list, perhaps made by a staff member who worked in the hotel kitchens at the time. 

Like many other GIs after the war's end, Erwin Van Buskirk took a trip up the mountainside to pick over the remains of Hitler's and Goering's alpine homes. While there, he collected a treasure trove of keepsakes including a square of rug or carpet from the Berghof, plus a fragment of rubber backstop from the bowling alley underneath the building. 

From Goering's wrecked home, he removed a wooden mechanism from inside his Bechstein grand piano.

The polished carved wooden moulding, also shown below, was looted from the home of an unnamed high SS officer, and this probably once formed part of the wings of a large carved decorative Nazi eagle.

Almost every GI visiting Hitler's Berghof helped himself to a chunk of red marble from the huge fireplace in the now-gutted Great Hall. When that ran out, they started on the carpets, windows and curtains. 

The chunk below was taken from the fireplace July 29th 1945. 

A 48-page telephone book from the Obersalzberg Administration ["Verwaltung Obersalzberg"], detailing various buildings, offices and people living and working on the Obersalzberg.

This edition was published in April 1944, and the few other examples I've seen of these books were also printed at this time.

"The basement of the east wing was undamaged and revealed access to the perfectly intact telephone switchboard. Neatly listed under a sheet of glass were all the important connections, and beside it lay the Obersalzberg telephone directory."

Inside Hitler' Mountain, Florian M.Beierl.

When the war finally ended, thousands of GIs from almost every unit flooded to Berchtesgaden to enjoy some R&R and see Hitler's destroyed mountain home for themselves. Pretty soon, unofficial guides were created and handed out to the troops during their stay. 

Even today, remnants from the past can still be found on and around the Obersalzberg. 

Shown below

The tap shown below was found near the Berghof and SS barracks, as were the door handles and meat cleaver. 

The camouflage netting was used to protect the Berghof and other buildings against allied air raids from late 1943/1944 onwards.

June 1942 - Jan 1944